India is about to bring a revolutionary change in the area of electronic toll collection. Taking a bold step, the National Highways Authority of India has invited tenders from companies specializing in satellite based toll collection systems. Spearheaded by the Indian Highways Management Company Limited (IHMCL), this initiative aims to make charging more efficient and transparent. But more importantly, it aims for highway users to feel comfortable and at ease driving on the road.

Understanding GNSS-Based Tolling

• The System Basics
  GNSS-based tolling represents a major advance over traditional toll collection methods. The traditional toll booths which line highways even today will be replaced by a system where virtual toll booths will be set up. By using GNSS technology on board it will be possible to completely dispense passing through those iron arch entry-exit points. Once the installed camera captures a picture of the GNSS-enabled vehicle driving past it, the relevant information will be transmitted over to banks for approval. Almost instantaneously money will be transferred automatically from the user’s bank account.
• Integrating with Existing Systems
  NHAI plans to integrate this new GNSS-based electronic toll collection (ETC) system within the existing FASTag ecosystem. In the beginning, a hybrid approach will be taken, the new GNSS technology will be combined with the current Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)- based ETC system. This will allow a smooth transition and gradual introduction of the new technology.

Advantages of GNSS-Based Tolling

• Flexible Charging Schemes
  One of the many benefits of GNSS-based tolling is that it can support many different types of charging schemes. This adaptability means that an equitable and efficient toll collection system can also be adapted to meet the wildly divergent needs of different road users.
• Lower Infrastructure Costs
  Compared to conventional toll plazas, GNSS-based systems require much less investment in roadside infrastructure. The lack of physical toll booths means not only that the initial installation costs are greatly reduced, but also that there are no ongoing costs such as regular repair and maintenance associated with manually operated systems.
• Scalability and Future-Proofing
  GNSS technology offers a highly scalable solution that is easily expandable to more extensive road networks or future traffic growth. This scalability ensures that the system can adjust and grow without requiring significant additional investment, making it an India-scale solution for the country's growing highway network.
• Improved Traffic Flow and User Comfort
  Perhaps one of the most obvious advantages for road users is being able to pass through toll plazas without slowing down or stopping. This continuous cruising on dual carriageways and main routes not only removes traffic congestion, it also makes life a lot more pleasant for passengers.
• Challenges and the Way Forward
  The switch from the present FASTag system to a GNSS-based tariff raises another big problem. Building hardware that is compatible with existing vehicles and planning for wide-spread introduction of GNSS technology across the fleet will be critical to success.
  The system must function in a consistent manner whatever the region and service provider used. Establishing common standards can provide an integrated interface and a better overall user experience. This will ensure that India's vast motorway network will be served by a system working reliably wherever it is deployed.
• The Way Ahead
  As the project continues, it will be interesting to see how this approach reshapes the scene for highway travel in India, and serves as a model for similar developments elsewhere in the world. With careful planning, solid construction and a relentless focus on user needs, GNSS-based tolling could really change the way people conceive of and experience highway travel.